Post-modern portfolio theory uses downside risk to refine portfolio optimization. Learn how PMPT offers an alternative to modern portfolio theory for risk-adjusted returns.

One of the most striking outcomes of the surface-minimization framework is its ability to explain structural features that ...

Explore how the diffusion of innovations theory aids in developing marketing strategies for new products and increasing market share through five key steps.

Does string theory—the controversial “theory of everything” from physics—tell us anything about consciousness and the human ...

Most economists subscribe to a belief in “positive economics,” which means that economic theory flows from economic data. Thus, all theory can be tested for ...

Investing can often feel like navigating a maze of endless options and ever-shifting market conditions. This is where the Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) comes in, offering a roadmap for making smarter ...